Capacitor can be divided into the dc and ac circuit of two different forms.
In dc
capacitor equivalent circuit, the capacitor is a kind of to the element of storage charge, is also one of the most commonly used electronic components.
In ac circuits, because the direction of the current is a function of over time into a certain relationship changes.
And capacitor charging and discharging process is time, this time, the form change of the electric field between the plates, and the function of electric field is also change over time.
In fact, the current is through the form of electric field between the capacitor.
Capacitance of the dielectric withstand the electric field intensity is a limit, when the bound of the charge from the bondage of the atoms or molecules participate in conduction, damage the insulation performance, this phenomenon is called the dielectric breakdown.
Here is to analyze the circuit from factories ShenMao capacitance what is the cause of the breakdown?
The conditions of the capacitor is punctured conditions to breakdown voltage of the capacitor is punctured.
Work under is not higher than the breakdown voltage capacitor is safe and reliable, don't be deceived into thinking that only in the work under the rated voltage of capacitor is normal.
Define critical breakdown corresponds to the voltage of PN junction occurred the breakdown voltage of PN junction BV, BV is reliability measure PN junction and an important parameter in the scope, on the basis of the other performance parameters of the PN junction, the value of BV is higher, the better.
Capacitance is equivalent to short circuit, after the breakdown reason is that when when answering capacitance on the dc is look for open, pick up on the alternating current (ac) look for short circuit, capacitance has a nature is hand over blocking, breakdown is the understanding of the electrical short circuit, the word formation cause of the breakdown is mainly external voltage than the nominal voltage as a result of permanent damage called do breakdown.
In solid dielectrics destructive discharge occurs, known as the breakdown.
Breakdown, leave a mark in the solid electrolyte, solid dielectric insulation performance permanent loss.
Breakdown, such as insulating cardboard will leave a hole on the cardboard.
The word visible breakdown only used in solid dielectrics.
Capacitance breakdown the root cause of the breakdown reason of capacitance is its dielectric insulation are destroyed, the polarization.
The causes of dielectric insulation damage are: 1.
Working voltage exceeds the capacity of the largest pressure;
2.
Capacitance quality is bad, leakage current, temperature rising, dielectric strength decline.
To avoid method 1 of dielectric breakdown.
Made of high dielectric strength of materials;
2.
Insulation material has a certain thickness, and do not contain impurities, such as air bubbles or moisture.
3.
Try to make the electric field distribution as required, to avoid power lines too dense in some areas of the world.
4.
With the polarity capacitor polarity reverse or received the ac power source.
Capacitance can restore 1 after breakdown.
The dielectric is a gas or liquid, all is the insulating medium, breakdown reversible;
2.
The dielectric is a solid, breakdown irreversible, it is the only after the breakdown unrecoverable insulating medium.
Capacitors because of its special structure, in addition to the manufacturing process to control the quality, when the storage is also very pay attention to avoid be affected with damp be affected with damp or oxidation, these will cause the service life of electrolytic capacitors, so choose a good electrolytic capacitor manufacturer is especially important, shenzhen ShenMao weiye technology co. , LTD. Is a brand capacitor manufacturer.
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