Type naming method and capacity labeling of capacitors

Capacitors are one of the most widely used electronic components in electronic equipment. They are widely used in direct current blocking, coupling, bypassing, filtering, tuning loops, energy conversion, control circuits, etc. Use C to represent the capacitance. The capacitance units are farad (F), microfarad (uF), picofarad (pF), 1Fu003d10^6uFu003d10^12pF. The following describes the capacitor model naming method, main characteristic parameters and capacity marking. 1. Model naming method The model of domestic capacitors generally consists of four parts (not suitable for pressure-sensitive, variable, and vacuum capacitors). They respectively represent name, material, classification and serial number. The first part: the name, expressed by letters, and C for capacitor. The second part: materials, expressed in letters. The third part: classification, generally represented by numbers, and individually represented by letters. The fourth part: the serial number, expressed by numbers. Use letters to indicate the material of the product: A-tantalum electrolysis, B-polystyrene and other non-polar films, C-high frequency ceramics, D-aluminum electrolysis, E-other material electrolysis, G-alloy electrolysis, H-composite medium, I-glass glaze, J-metallized paper, L-polyester and other polar organic films, N-niobium electrolysis, O-glass film, Q-paint film, T-low frequency ceramics, V-mica paper, Y-mica, Z -Paper introduction. 2. Main characteristic parameters 2.1 Nominal capacitance and allowable deviation The nominal capacitance is the capacitance marked on the capacitor. The deviation of the actual capacitance of the capacitor from the nominal capacitance is called the error, and the accuracy is called the accuracy within the allowable deviation range. Correspondence between accuracy grade and allowable error: 00(01)-±1%, 0(02)-±2%, Ⅰ-±5%, Ⅱ-±10%, Ⅲ-±20%, Ⅳ-(+20% -10%), Ⅴ-(+50%-20%), Ⅵ-(+50%-30%) General capacitors are commonly used in Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ grades, and electrolytic capacitors are in grades Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ, which are selected according to the application. 2.2 The rated voltage can be continuously applied to the maximum DC voltage effective value of the capacitor at the lowest ambient temperature and the rated ambient temperature. Generally, it is directly marked on the capacitor shell. If the working voltage exceeds the capacitor's withstand voltage, the capacitor will break down, causing irreparable permanent damage. 2.3 Insulation resistance DC voltage is applied to the capacitor, and the leakage current is generated. The ratio of the two is called the insulation resistance. When the capacitance is small, it mainly depends on the surface state of the capacitor. When the capacity>0.1uf, it mainly depends on the performance of the medium. The smaller the insulation resistance, the better. Capacitor time constant: In order to properly evaluate the insulation of large-capacity capacitors, a time constant is introduced, which is equal to the product of the capacitor's insulation resistance and capacity. 2.4 The energy consumed by the loss of heat due to heat per unit time under the action of an electric field is called loss. Various types of capacitors have specified the allowable value of loss in a certain frequency range. The loss of the capacitor is mainly caused by the dielectric loss, the conductance loss and the resistance of all the metal parts of the capacitor. Under the action of a direct current electric field, the loss of the capacitor exists in the form of leakage conduction loss, which is generally small. Under the action of an alternating electric field, the loss of the capacitor is not only related to the leakage conduction, but also related to the periodic polarization establishment process. 2.5 Frequency characteristics As the frequency increases, the capacitance of general capacitors shows a decreasing law. 3. Capacity labeling 3.1 Direct labeling method Use numbers and unit symbols to label directly. For example, 01uF means 0.01 microfarad, some capacitors use 'R' to represent the decimal point, such as R56 means 0.56 microfarad. 3.2 The text symbol method uses a regular combination of numbers and text symbols to express capacity. For example, p10 means 0.1pF, 1p0 means 1pF, 6P8 means 6.8pF, 2u2 means 2.2uF. The 3.3 color scale method uses color circle or color point to represent the main parameters of the capacitor. The color code method of the capacitor is the same as the resistance. Capacitor deviation symbol: +100%-0--H, +100%-10%--R, +50%-10%--T, +30%-10%--Q, +50%-20% --S, +80%-20%--Z.
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